WEBApr 13, 2022 · This paper analyzes the instability movement characteristics of overburden in shallow thick coal seam mining and its influence on the development and distribution of fault fractures. The ...
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WEBJun 1, 2018 · The numerical simulation results in literature (Ye et al., 2017 b) showed the similar results, namely, with the advancing of coal mining face, the crack development of overburden strata and coal seams becomes larger and larger, the gob area gradually expands, and the transverse stress of overburden strata and coal seams also expands. .
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WEBHome | Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
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WEBJan 1, 2017 · The data in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 allow two other very important statements to be made in relation to the stability and hence design of stable coal pillar systems: (1) For w/h ratios of >7, coal pillars are almost certain to workharden as a postfailure behaviour and can, therefore, be classified as "indestructible" ( they retain a confined core at all .
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WEBThe annual coal production from opencast coal mines in India was about 328 MT and overburden waste material of Mm 3 [4]. The current annual production of coal ash is estimated around 600 ...
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WEBAug 4, 2023 · The Cenozoicage Makum coal from northeastern India offers numerous research opportunities because of its diverse geochemical and geological characteristics. Due to its high sulfur content, the coal has been found to be less useful for industrial purposes. It can, however, serve as a hub for ongoing research on coalbased .
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WEBJul 12, 2004 · Goodson and Associates (1986), in a mine fire control study for the State of Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, listed 67 active or historic coalbed fires in the Wyoming part of the PRB, including 41 fires in Campbell County and 7 fires in Converse County. Kim and Chaiken (1993) listed 22 US Bureau of Mines coalbed fire control .
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WEBJan 30, 2024 · In the process of coal mining, the residual goaf will destroy the stress balance state of the overlying strata, which will result in a large number of fractures. The development of overburden fractures not only affects the movement of strata and the subsidence of surface, but also determines the dominant channel of gas, groundwater .
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WEBOverburden removal, coal seam removal, and reclamation occur in order, and simultaneously within the life of a mine or reserve. In other words, a mine does not remove all of the overburden in a deposit before removing the coal. ... The amount of explosive in weight per cubic yard of overburden is called the powder factor. Drill and blast design ...
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WEBApr 27, 2020 · The management of overburden (OB) materials needs proper attention to safe mining operations. Several mine OB dump failures have been occurred due to inappropriate geotechnical and geometrical parameters. Increasing consumption of coal in thermal power plant also generates huge amount of ash which adversely affect the .
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WEBInby refers to the direction that is toward the coal or ore face. Outby refers to the direction that is away from the coal or ore face. These terms can be used in describing where something in the mine is loed or how something is oriented. For example, consider a situation where a crew member is looking for a section foreman. Another crew ...
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WEBJan 1, 2016 · Figure 4. Overburden drill holes Blasting The mass rock is in general hard and requires breaking prior to handling by mining equipment. ANFO provided by CADEX is the main explosive used to blast overburden. The powder factor (PF) varies from to lb./yd3 (150 350 g/m3) depending on rock’s properties.
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WEBJul 1, 2019 · Download Citation | Model test study on overburden settlement law in coal seam backfill mining based on fiber Bragg grating technology | Taking section 3600 of Pingzhuangxi coal mine as the ...
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WEBWhere B = breakeven stripping ratio (overburden per ton of coal) in meter 3, R = market price of coal per ton, P = production cost, including cost of mining and preparation but excludes stripping cost per ton of coal, and S = stripping cost per meter 3 of overburden. Coal mining in under Indian scenario, the above ratio is given as :1 at ...
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WEBHigher powder factor causes oversize and lower powder factor results in crushed rock. Mean fragment size was plotted against the powder factor for 91 blasts of coal overlying overburden benches, as presented in Fig. 22. The general trend shows that, with increase in powder factor, the mean fragment size decreases.
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WEBSep 2, 2017 · The fracture gradient is a critical parameter for drilling mud weight design in the energy industry. A new method in fracture gradient prediction is proposed based on analyzing worldwide leakoff test (LOT) data in offshore drilling. Current fracture gradient prediction methods are also reviewed and compared to the proposed method. We .
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WEBDec 1, 2023 · The production and consumption of coal account for approximately 75% of China's carbon targets. Coal mining activities tend to have substantial environmental effects [[20], [21], [22]].These effects mainly include (1) the loss of carbon from greenhouse gas (GHG) leakage during the mining process, (2) the spontaneous combustion of carbon .
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WEBMay 17, 2020 · Experimental Design Scheme. In the process of coal mining, physical simulation is an effective method to study the deformation and failure phenomenon of overburden (Lu et al. 2016; Liang et al. 2016; Wang et al. 2016).According to the engineering background of the area being studied, the experiment was performed on .
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WEBSep 1, 2023 · Coal still fulfils the needs of the exponentially expanding demand of energy sectors, especially in developing nations of the world. In India, this demand is fulfilled majorly (93%) by surface mines or open pit mines that simultaneously produces a vast amount of coal mine overburden (OB) or waste rock.
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WEBOct 3, 2022 · The bar charts of internal dump capacity ( (V) ), overburden strength and angles of slope of the dump basis in a pit 200 m deep and 5 km long in Fig. 3 show that the increasing angle of slope of the dump basis by 5–11° reduces the dump capacity by – times, and dumping of weak rocks as against strong overburden—by – time.
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WEBThe Powder River Basin. The Powder River Basin is a geologic structural basin in southeast Montana and northeast Wyoming, about 120 miles (190 km) east to west and 200 miles (320 km) north to south, known for its extensive coal former hunting grounds of the Oglala Lakota, the area is very sparsely populated and is known for its .
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WEBApr 19, 2021 · Safety and Hazards Dangers to miners. Coal mining is dangerous activity and the list of mining disasters is a long one. In the US alone, more than 100,000 coal miners were killed in accidents in the twentieth century, 90 percent of the fatalities occurring in the first half of the century. More than 3,200 died in 1907 alone. Open cut hazards are .
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WEBJan 1, 2015 · Samples of each coal, overburden, and fly ash were prepared as epoxybound particulate pellets, and finished with a final μmalumina polish. The samples were examined by reflected light microscopy under a Leitz Orthoplan microscope, using a 50× oilimmersion objective, to provide petrographic information, especially of the .
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WEBSimilarly, [7] measured PM10 concentration from the blasting of two large opencast coal mines in India that resulted in different emissions depending on the scale of production as in coal blasts ...
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WEBMar 21, 2023 · Due to intensified mechanization and high stripping ratio (OB: Coal), a huge overburden must be takenoff for continuous mining operations. Figure 2 presents India's coal OB generation and stripping ratio in recent years. In 2021–22, the volume of OB generation aggregated (public) to million cubic meters (MCum) with a stripping .
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WEBCoal density is among the important parameters for reservoir engineering purposes and is inserted as an input property in simulation studies. Coal density is typically less than that of conventional reservoirs and differs from seam to seam based on the given coal rank and purity [2].The bulk density of a coal consists of the matrix and the void space, with the .
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WEBSep 1, 2005 · This paper discusses producing and exporting threedimensional drillandblast plans to GPS and how some coal companies are using GPS and mine planning software technology in the drillandblast ...
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WEBBlair, Andrew Clifford, "A novel powder factor based bench blast design method for large surface coal mines" (2015). Doctoral Dissertations. 2377. "Large surface coal mines in Wyoming's Powder River Basin ship millions of tons of coal per annum, moving millions of cubic yards of overburden to mine the coal. Much of this volume is blasted in the ...
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WEBThe powder factor is a ratio that expresses the weight of explosives used to blast a given mass of rock. The powder factor is usually specified as lbs explosive/tons rock; however, sometimes the factor is written as tons rock/lbs explosive (, the inverse). It is therefore very important to pay attention to units.
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WEBJan 11, 2022 · The development and use of intelligent drilling rigs make it available to obtain accurate lithology data of blast drilling. In order to make full use of drilling data to improve blasting ...
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WEBNov 28, 2022 · With the increasing improvement of national ecological standards, the ecoenvironmental problems caused by super thick coal seam mining in western China are becoming more and more serious. The failure law of weak overburden stratum is an important factor affecting the safe mining of coal. The failure characteristics of weakly .
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